College of Massage Therapists of British Columbia (CMTBC) Practice Exam

Which vertebrae are characterized by mammillary processes?

1. Cervical Vertebrae

2. Thoracic Vertebrae

3. Lumbar Vertebrae

4. Sacral Vertebrae

The correct answer is: Lumbar Vertebrae

The mammillary processes are anatomical projections found on the lumbar vertebrae. Each lumbar vertebra has a pair of these processes, which emerge from the posterior aspect of the superior articular facets. Their primary function is to provide an attachment point for muscles and ligaments that aid in the stabilization and movement of the lumbar spine. In the context of the vertebral structure, cervical and thoracic vertebrae do not possess mammillary processes. Instead, cervical vertebrae are characterized by features such as transverse foramen, and thoracic vertebrae have costal facets which articulate with ribs. The sacral vertebrae, which are fused into a single structure called the sacrum, also do not have mammillary processes. Therefore, the lumbar vertebrae stand out due to their mammillary processes, which support their unique role in weight-bearing and mobility in the lower back.