College of Massage Therapists of British Columbia (CMTBC) Practice Exam

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Which population is particularly vulnerable to the effects of orthostatic hypotension?

The elderly
Children
Athletes
Pregnant women

The correct answer is: The elderly

The elderly population is particularly vulnerable to the effects of orthostatic hypotension due to several age-related physiological changes. As individuals age, there is often a decrease in the body's ability to regulate blood pressure, especially when transitioning from a sitting or lying position to standing. This can result in a significant drop in blood pressure, leading to dizziness, lightheadedness, or even fainting upon standing. Factors such as decreased baroreceptor sensitivity, impaired autonomic nervous system functioning, and comorbidities (like diabetes or hypertension) contribute to this vulnerability. Additionally, medications commonly prescribed to older adults, such as diuretics and antihypertensives, can further exacerbate the risk of experiencing orthostatic hypotension. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for providing safe and effective care to elderly patients, particularly in the context of physical therapy and massage treatments.