College of Massage Therapists of British Columbia (CMTBC) Practice Exam

Which hormone is secreted by alpha cells in the pancreas?

1. Insulin

2. Glucagon

3. Cortisol

4. Somatostatin

The correct answer is: Glucagon

Alpha cells in the pancreas are responsible for the secretion of glucagon, which plays a crucial role in glucose metabolism. Glucagon increases blood glucose levels by stimulating the liver to convert glycogen into glucose and release it into the bloodstream. This is particularly important during fasting states or when blood sugar levels drop, ensuring that the body has a continuous supply of glucose for energy, especially for the brain and muscles. In contrast, insulin, which is secreted by beta cells in the pancreas, helps to lower blood glucose levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells. Cortisol is a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal glands and is involved in the stress response and metabolism regulation but is not secreted by pancreatic cells. Somatostatin, secreted by delta cells in the pancreas, regulates the endocrine system and inhibits the secretion of other hormones, including insulin and glucagon. Therefore, the recognition that glucagon is specifically linked to alpha cells highlights its crucial role in maintaining glucose homeostasis in the body.