College of Massage Therapists of British Columbia (CMTBC) Practice Exam

What is a common indicator of glenohumeral joint instability during physical examination?

1. Pain during active motion

2. Restricted range of motion

3. Excessive joint mobility

4. Muscle atrophy

The correct answer is: Excessive joint mobility

A common indicator of glenohumeral joint instability during physical examination is excessive joint mobility. In cases of instability, the normal constraints that the ligaments and surrounding tissues provide to the joint are compromised, allowing for greater movement than is typically seen. This excess motion can lead to a feeling of the joint "giving way" or moving abnormally, which is often assessed through specific physical tests that evaluate the range of motion and stability of the joint. While pain during active motion and restricted range of motion can be present in various shoulder conditions, they do not specifically indicate joint instability. Additionally, muscle atrophy may occur as a consequence of disuse or chronic pain but is not a direct indicator of joint instability on its own. Excessive mobility, however, is a direct symptom that therapists assess to determine the stability of the glenohumeral joint.