College of Massage Therapists of British Columbia (CMTBC) Practice Exam

What could be a key indicator of inflammation in a joint?

1. Increased flexibility in the joint

2. Decreased range of motion and swelling

3. Consistent pain during rest

4. Muscle strength testing shows very little change

The correct answer is: Decreased range of motion and swelling

The presence of inflammation in a joint is often characterized by specific signs and symptoms, and decreased range of motion along with swelling serves as a critical indicator. Inflammation typically results from injury, infection, or chronic conditions and leads to an increase in synovial fluid within the joint space, contributing to swelling. This swelling can mechanically restrict movement, thereby reducing the range of motion. In conjunction with swelling, decreased range of motion suggests that the joint is not functioning optimally. Muscles and tendons around an inflamed joint may also protect the area by limiting movement to avoid pain and further injury, which further constrains mobility. The other options do not accurately reflect the common characteristics of joint inflammation. Increased flexibility would be contrary to what is typically seen with inflammation, which often leads to stiffness. Consistent pain during rest can occur with several conditions but does not exclusively indicate inflammation, as other etiologies may cause similar pain. Lastly, minimal changes in muscle strength testing may not provide definitive information about inflammation, as strength may be preserved even in the presence of joint issues.