College of Massage Therapists of British Columbia (CMTBC) Practice Exam

Of the following, which muscles should be strengthening as self-care for a patient with thoracic hyperkyphosis?

1. Rhomboids and pectoralis minor

2. Rhomboids and middle trapezius

3. Pectoralis major and anterior deltoid

4. Latissimus dorsi and upper trapezius

The correct answer is: Rhomboids and middle trapezius

Strengthening the rhomboids and middle trapezius is crucial for a patient with thoracic hyperkyphosis because these muscles are primarily responsible for retracting the scapulae and maintaining proper shoulder alignment. Thoracic hyperkyphosis involves an excessive curvature of the thoracic spine, which can often lead to rounded shoulders and a forward head posture. The rhomboids, located between the spine and the scapulae, play a significant role in pulling the shoulder blades together, which counteracts the forward pull often caused by tight chest muscles and weak upper back muscles. The middle trapezius also assists in scapular retraction and stabilization, further supporting proper thoracic positioning. In contrast, other muscle groups listed in the choices do not focus adequately on combating hyperkyphosis. Muscles such as the pectoralis minor, while important in posture, tend to be more involved in the forward positioning and are often already overactive in individuals with hyperkyphosis. Similarly, the latissimus dorsi and upper trapezius can contribute to shoulder elevation and pulling the shoulders forward. Hence, focusing on strengthening the rhomboids and middle trapezius is essential for correcting the postural imbalance associated with thoracic hyperky