College of Massage Therapists of British Columbia (CMTBC) Practice Exam

How many compartments are present in the lower leg?

1. 2

2. 3

3. 4

4. 5

The correct answer is: 4

The lower leg is anatomically divided into four compartments, which is essential for understanding both muscular and neurological functions in that region. These compartments are the anterior, lateral, superficial posterior, and deep posterior compartments. The anterior compartment houses muscles responsible for dorsiflexion of the ankle and extension of the toes, while the lateral compartment contains muscles that primarily facilitate foot eversion. The superficial posterior compartment includes muscles that are mainly involved in plantar flexion of the ankle, and the deep posterior compartment contains muscles that assist in both plantar flexion and toe flexion. Each compartment is separated by fascial layers, which can affect movement and blood supply. This compartmentalization is important, particularly in clinical settings, as conditions such as compartment syndrome can arise when pressure increases within these compartments, threatening muscle and nerve function. Understanding the distinct roles of these compartments is crucial for effective massage therapy and rehabilitation.